United States (USA) Bi-facial Solar Market Overview, 2031

Market Insights on United States Bi-facial Solar Market

• The United States bifacial solar market has undergone a remarkable transformation over the past five years, evolving from a niche technology to a dominant force in utility-scale project development. Bifacial modules, which capture sunlight from both front and rear surfaces, now represent over 60% of utility-scale ground-mounted installations across the country, with albedo gains of 5% to 15% significantly improving project economics on tracked systems. This rapid adoption has been propelled by a confluence of factors, including the initial Section 201 tariff exemption that provided bifacial modules a cost advantage from June 2019 through May 2024, and the transformative impact of the Inflation Reduction Act.
• According to the research report, "United States Bi-facial Solar Market Overview, 2031," published by Bonafide Research, the United States Bi-facial Solar market is anticipated to grow at 13.25% CAGR from 2026 to 2031. The U.S. solar industry installed 43.2 gigawatts direct current (GWdc) of new capacity in 2025, with solar accounting for 54% of all new electricity-generating capacity added to the grid. The utility-scale segment alone contributed 34.7 GWdc in 2025, and project design has converged on a familiar recipe: bifacial modules paired with single-axis trackers, string inverters for granular control, and energy management platforms that co-optimize batteries for arbitrage and ancillary services. Manufacturing has surged dramatically, with module production capacity growing more than 50% in 2025 to reach 65.5 GW, up from 42.5 GW at the end of 2024, while wafer capacity came online for the first time since 2016.
• The Department of Energy's National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) has been instrumental in advancing bifacial technology, developing performance models and standards through collaborative efforts with Sandia National Laboratories and the University of Iowa. NREL researchers have also achieved remarkable milestones, demonstrating perovskite solar cells with 91% to 93% bifaciality. However, the market faces significant headwinds, including the May 2024 revocation of the bifacial Section 201 tariff exclusion by President Biden through Proclamation 10779, reinstating safeguard tariffs on bifacial panels subject to certain qualifications.
• The U.S. International Trade Commission's May 2025 final affirmative injury determination added additional antidumping and countervailing duties on solar cells and modules from Southeast Asia, raising costs for American project developers and module producers who depend on imported cells as domestic cell manufacturing scales up. The U.S. Court of International Trade issued an injunction freezing the elimination of the bifacial exclusion, temporarily preserving the exemption while the issue remains unresolved.
• Despite these trade policy uncertainties, the domestic manufacturing renaissance continues, with new cell capacity expanding and module manufacturers aggressively pursuing domestic content strategies to unlock the 10% Investment Tax Credit bonus. The One Big Beautiful Bill Act, signed in July 2025, along with subsequent federal guidance, has further shaped the regulatory landscape, creating both opportunities and compliance complexities for bifacial project developers.

Competitive Landscape of United States Bi-facial Solar Market

• ES Foundry has emerged as a pivotal domestic supplier, launching production at its South Carolina facility in January 2025 with high-efficiency monocrystalline bifacial PERC cells, targeting a shipment capacity of 3 GW by the third quarter of 2025. The company's strategic partnerships, including a multi-year agreement to supply U.S.-made cells to Bila Solar for its Indianapolis factory, enable module manufacturers to access the domestic content ITC bonus and simplify IRS Safe Harbor compliance.
• Bila Solar now produces 550-W dual-glass bifacial panels using U.S. cells from ES Foundry that qualify for the domestic content bonus under current ITC rules.
• Heliene has expanded its footprint with a new 500 MW facility in Minnesota, producing bifacial high-efficiency crystalline modules with the highest possible percentage of domestic content, supported by $2.3 million in funding from the Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development.
• The Minnesota facility, which received support from the Minnesota Investment Fund, Jobs Creation Fund, and Minnesota Job Skills Partnership program, is expected to create more than 220 jobs.
• Boviet Solar has entered the domestic manufacturing arena with a $294 million factory producing its Vega Series bifacial modules using advanced PERC and n-type solar cell technology, though the company faces proposed 77.12% antidumping and 230.66% countervailing duties on products from its Vietnam facility.
• Canadian Solar has established a significant presence with its Jeffersonville, Indiana, facility now producing bifacial n-type HJT solar cells, marking the first U.S. factory designed specifically for heterojunction technology. The technological arms race has intensified, with TOPCon modules achieving conversion efficiencies exceeding 24% and bifacial gains surpassing 85%, making them particularly suitable for utility-scale power plants.
• At the RE+ 2025 exhibition in Las Vegas, Astronergy showcased its ASTRO N7 and ASTRO N5 series featuring n-type TOPCon technology with efficiencies of 23.3%, including bifacial modules tailored for U.S. commercial and industrial applications.
• SEG Solar unveiled its SIERRA N Series HJT modules at RE+ 2025 with a low temperature coefficient of -0.24% per degree Celsius and exceptional 90% bifaciality. The entry barriers remain substantial, with import regulations including Section 201 tariffs of 14.25% on modules and complex anti-dumping and countervailing duty frameworks on Chinese and Southeast Asian imports.
• The domestic content bonus under the ITC has become a strategic imperative, with Treasury Department guidance providing clarity that developers had been waiting for. Consumer behavior and adoption patterns show clear segmentation, with bifacial technology overwhelmingly preferred in utility-scale and large commercial ground-mounted applications, while residential rooftop installations provide limited bifacial gain due to typical sloped configurations.
• The value chain is rapidly domesticating, with module manufacturing growing sixfold in the last two years in what SEIA president and CEO Abigail Ross Hopper has described as perhaps the most successful industrial onshoring effort in the nation's history.

United States Market Dynamics

Driver: Utility-Scale Project Economics with Tracker Integration
The pairing of bifacial modules with single-axis tracking systems has fundamentally transformed utility-scale project economics across the United States. NREL's 75-kW single-axis tracking bifacial testbed, featuring 10 rows of horizontal trackers, enables direct comparisons of bifacial and monofacial module technologies, with site albedo and rear-plane-of-array sensors validating performance models. Ground-mounted and flat-roof nonresidential PV installations consistently demonstrate meaningful bifacial energy gains, with EIA data showing bifacial adoption surging from 5% to 78% for systems exceeding 5 MWdc between 2020 and 2024. This dramatic increase reflects the compelling economic case where rear-side gains of 5% to 15% on tracked systems improve project returns without proportional cost increases, making bifacial technology the default choice for new utility-scale developments. The Department of Energy's investment of $14 million across eight projects specifically targets extending system longevity and increasing reliability of bifacial and thin-film solar technologies, further strengthening the technology's value proposition.

Challenge: Trade Policy Uncertainty and Tariff Complexity
The U.S. bifacial solar market confronts a labyrinthine trade policy environment that introduces significant uncertainty and cost pressures across the value chain. President Biden's May 2024 Proclamation 10779 revoked the longstanding bifacial panel exclusion from Section 201 safeguard tariffs, subjecting bifacial modules to import duties that had been absent since June 2019. The U.S. International Trade Commission's May 2025 final affirmative injury determination on antidumping and countervailing duties from Southeast Asia adds another layer of tariffs that SEIA warns will raise costs for the solar products American companies need to build projects. SEIA president and CEO Abigail Ross Hopper emphasized that this determination "especially harms U.S. solar module producers that depend on access to imported solar cells as we ramp up domestic cell manufacturing capacity," warning that imposing additional tariffs at this stage "risks stalling progress and undermining the very industry they are meant to support". The U.S. Court of International Trade's subsequent injunction freezing the elimination of the bifacial exclusion has created temporary relief, but the legal uncertainty persists.



Trend: Domestic Manufacturing Renaissance and Supply Chain Localization
The U.S. bifacial solar market is witnessing an unprecedented manufacturing renaissance driven by federal incentives and supply chain resilience imperatives. Module manufacturing capacity surged more than 50% in 2025 to reach 65.5 GW, up from 42.5 GW at the end of 2024, while wafer capacity came online for the first time since 2016. The 10% Investment Tax Credit domestic content bonus has become a strategic imperative, with ES Foundry's South Carolina facility now delivering high-efficiency monocrystalline bifacial PERC cells that enable module manufacturers to unlock this credit. Heliene's new 500 MW Minnesota facility produces bifacial modules with the highest possible percentage of domestic content, supported by $2.3 million in state funding. NuVision Solar expects to begin module production by late 2025, offering 800W bifacial modules with 35-year performance warranties to utility, commercial, and residential markets, creating more than 500 direct jobs. This domestic build-out, described by SEIA as perhaps the most successful industrial onshoring effort in the nation's history, is fundamentally reshaping the competitive landscape and reducing dependence on imported components.

Segment Analysis

United States Bi-facial Solar Market by Type
• Dual-glass bifacial modules have become the predominant product architecture in the U.S. utility-scale market, offering superior durability and rear-side light capture. Bila Solar's newly launched 550-W dual-glass panel, manufactured at its Indianapolis factory using U.S. cells from ES Foundry, qualifies for the domestic content bonus under current ITC rules. Heliene's Minnesota facility produces bifacial high-efficiency crystalline modules using dual-glass construction with the highest possible percentage of domestic content available on the market. The dual-glass design provides enhanced protection against environmental degradation, making it particularly suitable for ground-mounted utility projects with 30-year operational lifespans. The technology's ability to capture reflected light from both the ground and adjacent surfaces delivers energy yield improvements of 5% to 15% in tracked systems, justifying the slightly higher upfront costs through superior lifetime generation. NREL's research has demonstrated that dual-glass bifacial modules achieve meaningful performance advantages over traditional designs, with the laboratory's work on performance models and standards helping to validate and optimize these systems.
• Glass-backsheet bifacial modules offer a lighter-weight alternative for applications where weight constraints are a consideration, though comprehensive reliability data remains limited. NREL researchers have identified that low water vapor transmission rate backsheets, specifically those below 0.005 grams per square meter per day, show promising results for glass-backsheet TOPCon bifacial modules. This construction type presents particular interest for commercial rooftop installations where structural loading is a concern, as the reduced weight compared to dual-glass designs can enable deployments on buildings with lower load-bearing capacity. The technology continues to evolve, with manufacturers developing improved backsheet materials that enhance rear-side light capture while maintaining durability. The National Renewable Energy Laboratory's ongoing research into backsheet performance and reliability is critical for establishing industry standards and ensuring long-term performance of glass-backsheet bifacial products in diverse U.S. climate conditions.

United States Bi-facial Solar Market by Cell Technology
• Passivated Emitter and Rear Contact technology remains the most established cell architecture in the U.S. bifacial market, with ES Foundry's South Carolina facility producing high-efficiency monocrystalline bifacial PERC cells. The company's strategic decision to focus on PERC production reflects a "logical choice to avoid the unpredictable future of TOPCon panel production in the United States," according to industry analysis. PERC bifacial cells benefit from mature manufacturing processes and established supply chains, enabling rapid domestic capacity expansion. The technology's proven reliability and predictable performance characteristics make it attractive for project developers seeking bankable technology with extensive field performance data. ES Foundry's 3 GW target shipment capacity by Q3 2025 demonstrates the significant scale being achieved in domestic PERC cell manufacturing.
• Tunnel Oxide Passivated Contact technology has emerged as the dominant next-generation cell architecture in the U.S. bifacial market, with modules achieving conversion efficiencies exceeding 24% and bifacial gains surpassing 85%. Astronergy's ASTRO N7 and ASTRO N5 series, featuring n-type TOPCon technology with 23.3% efficiency, are specifically tailored for U.S. commercial, industrial, and utility applications. Thornova has introduced 720 W TOPCon bifacial modules, while Mission Solar displayed its N-type Bifacial 132 HC series TOPCon module at RE+ 2025 with 620 W maximum power and 23% efficiency. The technology's advanced passivated contact structure reduces recombination losses and improves temperature coefficient performance, making it particularly suitable for the diverse climate conditions across the United States. Commercial TOPCon modules have surpassed 22% efficiency to reach a new standard of 22.5% to 24.5% for high-volume products, significantly increasing energy density over older PERC models.
• Heterojunction technology is establishing a significant presence in the U.S. bifacial market, with Canadian Solar's Jeffersonville, Indiana, facility marking the first U.S. factory designed specifically for HJT bifacial n-type solar cells. SEG Solar's SIERRA N Series HJT modules, launched at RE+ 2025, feature a low temperature coefficient of -0.24% per degree Celsius and exceptionally high 90% bifaciality. NuVision Solar plans to offer 800W bifacial HJT modules with 35-year performance warranties to utility, large commercial, and residential markets, creating more than 500 direct jobs. HJT modules achieve conversion efficiencies of 23.7% through double-sided microcrystalline technology, making them ideal for low-irradiance environments. The technology's open patent provides a safer expansion pathway in the U.S., where TOPCon and back-contact technologies face potential litigation risks. HJT's superior temperature coefficient and bifaciality characteristics are driving significant investment in domestic manufacturing capacity.
• Emerging cell technologies, including perovskite and tandem architectures, are demonstrating remarkable potential in the U.S. bifacial market through groundbreaking research at national laboratories. NREL researchers achieved 91% to 93% bifaciality on newly developed perovskite solar cells. NREL, in collaboration with CubicPV, developed a perovskite minimodule achieving 24.0% certified conversion efficiency, setting a new world record for this technology. The laboratory has also confirmed new tandem cell designs combining perovskite and silicon layers, pushing efficiency boundaries beyond conventional single-junction limits. Single-junction perovskite cells have reached 27.3% efficiency on the NREL chart. The Department of Energy's Fiscal Year 2025 Solar Module and Solar Hardware Incubator funding opportunity, offering up to 10 awards of $1 million to $4 million each, specifically aims to advance American solar energy manufacturing including emerging technologies. The DOE has also allocated $14 million for eight projects targeting extended system longevity and increased reliability of bifacial and thin-film solar technologies.

United States Bi-facial Solar Market by End-User
• The utility-scale segment represents the dominant end-user market for bifacial solar technology in the United States, with bifacial modules now accounting for over 60% of ground-mounted installations. The segment installed 34.7 GWdc of capacity in 2025, demonstrating the overwhelming preference for bifacial technology in large-scale projects. Project design has converged on a standard recipe: bifacial modules on single-axis trackers, with string inverters for granular control and energy management platforms that co-optimize batteries for arbitrage and ancillary services. The Department of Energy's 75-kW single-axis tracking bifacial testbed at NLR, featuring 10 rows of horizontal trackers, enables direct comparisons of bifacial and monofacial module technologies. EIA data shows bifacial adoption surging from 5% to 78% for systems exceeding 5 MWdc between 2020 and 2024. The Jackson Solar project, approved in March 2025, utilizes Tier 1 bifacial modules with string inverters and lithium iron phosphate battery energy storage systems.
• The commercial and industrial segment represents a growing application for bifacial technology, particularly in ground-mounted and flat-roof installations where rear-side light capture provides meaningful energy gains. The commercial segment grew 6% in 2025, adding 2,345 MWdc of new capacity. Flat-roof nonresidential PV installations can provide bifacial energy gain, making them attractive candidates for bifacial deployment. Bila Solar's 550-W dual-glass bifacial panels are specifically designed for ground-mount and carport solar applications. Astronergy's bifacial modules are tailored for U.S. commercial and industrial applications, reflecting the segment's growing importance. The pipeline of net energy metering 2.0 installations in California continued to come online in 2025, with more than 70% of installations in the fourth quarter still representing NEM 2.0 projects rather than net billing tariff projects. Heliene's Minnesota facility produces bifacial modules targeting commercial applications with the highest possible percentage of domestic content.
• The residential segment represents a limited but evolving application for bifacial solar technology in the United States, as typical sloped rooftop installations do not provide significant bifacial gain. The segment installed 4,647 MWdc of solar capacity in 2025, declining 2% compared to 2024. NREL data shows bifacial adoption in residential systems of 2.5 to 10 kWdc grew from 0% of capacity in 2020 to only 5% in 2024. Installers may have used bifacial modules primarily to avoid tariff-related module costs during the exemption period. NREL field research has found bifacial energy gains of 10% to 20% under optimal conditions with high ground or roof reflectivity and elevated mounting. However, for typical residential setups with low albedo, shading, or limited clearance, the higher upfront costs of 10% to 20% more than monofacial panels may not justify the marginal gains. The Technology, developed at NREL with CubicPV, achieving 24.0% certified conversion efficiency for perovskite minimodules, could eventually expand residential applications.


Considered in this report
• Historic Year: 2020
• Base year: 2025
• Estimated year: 2026
• Forecast year: 2031

Aspects covered in this report
• Bi-facial Solar Market with its value and forecast along with its segments
• Various drivers and challenges
• On-going trends and developments
• Top profiled companies
• Strategic recommendation

By Type
• Dual-Glass Bifacial Solar
• Glass-Backsheet Bifacial Solar

By Cell Technology
• PERC
• TOPCon
• HJT
• Others

By End-User
• Utility-Scale
• Commercial & Industrial
• Residential